21st November 2025

1. Samsung and UN GCNI introduce DigiArivu to boost digital and STEM learning in Tamil Nadu
2. INTACH starts the ‘Gaja Look’ project to celebrate the bond between Asian elephants and people
3. Karnataka reveals the blueprint for India’s first Quantum City at the Bengaluru Tech Summit
4. In Kantar’s BrandZ ranking, HDFC Bank becomes India’s most valuable brand, replacing TCS
5. The US approves supplying Javelin ATGM and Excalibur projectiles worth USD 39 million to India
6. RBI gives approval to PayGlobal and Infinbeam Avenues as cross-border and physical payment aggregators
7. Swiss tennis star Roger Federer is selected for the ITHF Class of 2026
8. Government appoints Sandip Pradhan as a whole-time member of SEBI
9. India’s first fully commercial PSLV will launch the Oceansat satellite in 2026
10. NASA and SpaceX launch the Sentinel-6B satellite to track Earth’s oceans
11. Sarayu Velpula becomes India’s 26th woman to earn the Grandmaster title
12. Naturopathy Day 2025 – November 18
13. World AMR Awareness Week 2025 celebrated from November 18 to 24
14. World Day for the Prevention and Healing from Child Sexual Exploitation, Abuse & Violence marked on November 18
15. Women’s Entrepreneurship Day 2025 observed on November 19
16. Mexico’s Fátima Bosch wins Miss Universe 2025; India’s Manika Vishwakarma finishes in the Top 12
17. World Television Day 2025 – November 21
18. National Philosophy Day 2025 – November 20
19. Leonardo DiCaprio chosen to receive the Desert Palm Achievement Award
20. India’s first Tesla Centre set to open in Gurugram
21. HDFC Bank regains its rank as India’s most valuable brand in 2025
22. India Post opens a new Gen-Z-focused campus outlet at IIT Delhi
23. Union Agriculture Minister Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan highlights Odisha’s leadership in millet promotion at Mandia Dibasa celebration
24. The US declares Saudi Arabia as a major non-NATO ally
25. Dell India names Anurag Arora as Senior Director and General Manager
26. India’s basmati rice faces global legal challenges regarding GI protection
27. Demat accounts cross 21 crore as IPO activity rises sharply
28. Curaçao and Cape Verde qualify for the 2026 FIFA World Cup, making historic achievements
29. Multiple organisations launch the Earth Summit 2025-26 to support rural innovation
30. Government appoints 7 new secretary-rank officers
31. A new digital combat coat secures IPR, marking a major defence design advancement
32. UNICEF and IFFI 2025 feature five global films celebrating childhood

National News

1. Gaja-Lok Initiative Explores Asian Elephant Heritage In Asia

• What:
  • The Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) launched Gaja-Lok: Elephant Lands and their Cultural Symbolism in Asia, an initiative to document and explore the cultural, historical, ecological, and climate resilience connections of the Asian elephant across Asian countries.
• Why:
  • The programme aims to foster multi-country dialogue and highlight the Asian elephant’s role as a cultural icon and living symbol of ecological resilience.
• Tell me more:
  • The Gaja-Lok Exhibition features six thematic panels on human-elephant relationships, covering prehistoric art, ancient trade, sacred traditions, and modern innovations like Kerala’s robotic temple elephants.
  • The project includes a roundtable with scholars, cultural experts, and conservationists to discuss history, culture, ecology, and conservation.
  • The exhibition and roundtable were inaugurated by Shri Vivek Agarwal (Secretary, Ministry of Culture) and INTACH officials.
  • Insights from the sessions will contribute to the Gaja-Lok Dossier, supporting transnational recognition of elephant heritage.
  • The initiative encourages reflection on heritage, compassion, and possibilities for coexistence with elephants.

Source: PIB

2. Delhi University Post Office Revamped for Gen Z Students

• What:
  • India Post inaugurated the revamped Delhi University Post Office as part of a nationwide initiative to connect with Generation Z.
• Why:
  • The initiative aims to transform Post Offices into vibrant, student-centric, technology-enabled spaces that appeal to young citizens.
• Tell me more:
  • The redesign involved student artists from the Miranda House Adversity Fine Arts Society shaping graffiti, interior themes, and promotional material.
  • The Post Office now features Free Wi-Fi, student service counters, parcel packing, and Discounted Speed Post services.
  • The initiative plans to revamp 46 Post Offices in educational institutions by January 2026.
  • The IIT Hauz Khas Post Office Delhi was recently modernized, marking progress in engaging young citizens nationwide.

Source: PIB

3. UNICEF and IFFI Collaborate for Children’s Rights Through Films

• What:
  • UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund) and International Film Festival of India (IFFI) are partnering for the fourth year to showcase films highlighting childhood’s struggles, resilience, and hopes.
• Why:
  • The collaboration aims to combine UNICEF’s humanitarian vision with cinema’s power to raise empathy and inspire action for children’s rights globally.
• Tell me more:
  • The 56th IFFI features five films from Kosovo, South Korea, Egypt, and India, each addressing themes like belonging, dignity, love, and freedom for children.
  • The films include “Happy Birthday” (Egypt), “Kadal Kanni” (India, Tamil), “Putul” (India, Hindi), “The Beetle Project” (Korea), and “The Odyssey of Joy” (France, Kosovo).
  • These films portray various childhood realities such as family issues, war impact, imagination for survival, and cross-border reconciliation.
  • IFFI is South Asia’s oldest and largest film festival, held from November 20 to 28 in Goa, featuring competitions, cultural showcases, and a film bazaar.

Source: PIB

4. NABARD and IAMAI to Launch Earth Summit 2025-26 Series

• What:
  • NABARD, in collaboration with the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI), will launch the Earth Summit 2025-26 to drive rural development innovation.
• Why:
  • The summit aims to empower rural innovation for global change by integrating technology, finance, agriculture, and climate action.
• Tell me more:
  • The summit will be held across three cities: Hyderabad (Nov 20-21), Gandhinagar (Dec 5-6), and New Delhi (Feb 2026).
  • It will bring together policymakers, regulators, industry leaders, investors, startups, NGOs, and academics under the theme ‘Empowering Rural Innovation for Global Change’.

Source: TOI

State News

1. Samsung, UN GCNI Launch ‘DigiArivu’ to Boost Digital Education in Tamil Nadu

• What:
  • Samsung and United Nations Global Compact Network India (UN GCNI) have launched ‘DigiArivu’, an education programme to strengthen digital and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) learning in Tamil Nadu.
• Why:
  • The programme aims to build future-ready skills among students and promote digital and STEM education in government schools.
• Tell me more:
  • The initiative will upgrade infrastructure, enable digital and STEM learning, train teachers, and support students in 10 government schools in Kancheepuram and Ranipet districts.
  • It has been designed based on UN GCNI’s research with state government-run schools and inputs from Samsung employees and local community members near the Sriperumbudur plant.
  • The programme will use activity-based learning methods and conduct teacher-training sessions.
  • Samsung will also provide sports kits and libraries with books in Tamil, English, and for competitive exams.
  • The launch event was held at The Anna Centenary Library in the presence of Tamil Nadu’s Minister for School Education, Anbil Mahesh Poyyamozhi.

Source: HBL

2. Quantum City Blueprint To Be Unveiled At Bengaluru Tech Summit

• What:
  • Karnataka will unveil the blueprint for India’s first Quantum City at Hesaraghatta, Bengaluru, during the Bengaluru Tech Summit on November 19.
• Why:
  • The initiative aims to position Karnataka as the “Quantum Capital of Asia” and advance quantum technology development.
• Tell me more:
  • The Karnataka Quantum Mission (KQM) has an allocation of Rs 1,000 crore for this project.
  • The state government has requested the Centre to approve a Quantum Materials Innovation Network under India’s National Quantum Mission.
  • Karnataka is promoting science and innovation by establishing science centres and planetariums in every district and distributing telescopes to schools under the Astronomy Access Programme.
  • The Rs 300-crore Bengaluru Science City project, supported by the Government of India, is progressing rapidly and will provide immersive, experiment-based learning environments.
  • Science Gallery Bengaluru, supported by the Karnataka government, has attracted over six lakh visitors by blending science with art and design.

Source: TW

3. Mandia Dibasa in Odisha Celebrated to Promote Millets and Nutrition

• What:
  • Union Minister Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan inaugurated the “Mandia Dibasa” (Millet Day) celebration at Bhubaneswar, Odisha.
• Why:
  • The event aims to promote Shree Anna (millets) as a symbol of nutrition, water conservation, environmental care, and sustainability.
• Tell me more:
  • Odisha has played a leading role in transforming India’s millet movement into a people’s mission and purchasing millets at Minimum Support Price.
  • Millets are cost-effective crops with high nutritional and ecological value and should be included in nutrition schemes and mid-day meals.
  • Women farmers in Odisha have been instrumental in the progress of millet farming and agriculture.

Source: PIB

International News

1. NASA Launches Sentinel-6B Satellite For Improved Ocean And Hurricane Data

• What:
  • NASA and partners launched the Sentinel-6B satellite to provide precise ocean and atmospheric data for better hurricane forecasting and coastal protection.
• Why:
  • The satellite aims to improve forecasts, protect infrastructure, and support commercial activities like shipping by monitoring sea level and ocean conditions globally.
• Tell me more:
  • Sentinel-6B launched on November 16 aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from California and contact was established with a ground station in Canada.
  • It will provide accurate sea level measurements at local and global scales, continuing the work of Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich launched in 2020.
  • The satellite supports flood prediction, safer astronaut re-entry, and monitoring winds, wave heights, temperature, and humidity.
  • It is part of the Copernicus Sentinel-6/Jason-CS mission, a collaboration involving NASA, ESA (European Space Agency), EUMETSAT, NOAA, and EU.
  • Data from Sentinel-6B helps understand climate change, marine weather, and interactions like those involving the Gulf Stream affecting ocean conditions.

Source: NASA

3. US Designates Saudi Arabia as Major Non-NATO Ally

• What:
  • The US President formally designated Saudi Arabia as a Major non-NATO Ally (MNNA) during a White House dinner.
• Why:
  • This move aims to deepen military and economic cooperation between the US and Saudi Arabia, including a nearly $1 trillion Saudi investment in the US.
• Tell me more:
  • The MNNA status gives Saudi Arabia privileges similar to Israel, facilitating arms sales like the F-35 and collaboration on nuclear technology and AI.
  • The dinner was attended by top tech and finance CEOs like Elon Musk, Tim Cook, and others, indicating the strategic economic ties.
  • The Strategic Defense Agreement includes new Saudi funding to ease US defense costs and enhances US defense firms’ operations in Saudi Arabia.
  • The $1 trillion investment commitment by Saudi Arabia will be spread over several years, supplementing its already large Public Investment Fund assets.

Source: TOI

Banking and Economy

1. Infibeam Avenues and PayU Get RBI Nod for Physical Payment Aggregator Services

• What:
  • Infibeam Avenues and PayU have received Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approval to operate as payment aggregators – physical (PA-P) allowing them to offer offline payment services through point-of-sale (PoS) devices.
• Why:
  • This licence will enable the companies to expand offline payment aggregation services and support growing Point-of-Sale (PoS) adoption in physical stores across India.
• Tell me more:
  • Both companies already hold full payment aggregator – online (PA-O) licences and other approvals such as prepaid payment instruments (PPI) and Bharat Bill Pay Operating Unit (BBPOU).
  • Infibeam has been expanding in the offline segment with its CCAvenue SoundBox Max, an all-in-one PoS solution accepting UPI, debit/credit cards, and QR codes.
  • PayU is authorised to operate across PA-O, PA-P, and PA-CB (cross-border) licenses, enabling omni-channel payment solutions.
  • PoS and soundbox devices are deployed by banks and fintech firms to facilitate digital payments in physical retail outlets.
  • A Payment Aggregator (PA) handles transactions where both the acceptance device and payment instrument are physically present at the time of transaction, per RBI definition.

Source: BS

2. Tesla to Open First Complete Tesla Center in India

• What:
  • Tesla will open its first complete Tesla Center in India in Gurugram.
• Why:
  • The center will establish Tesla’s full operational presence with sales, deliveries, customer service, and support in India.
• Tell me more:
  • The Gurugram center will be Tesla’s operational anchor in India, complementing earlier experience outlets in Mumbai and New Delhi.
  • Tesla entered the Indian market earlier in 2025 with two versions of the Model Y, priced high due to around 70% import duties.
  • The facility is located at Orchid Business Park in Sector-48, Gurugram, within the National Capital Region.

Source: BW

3. India Now Has 13.6 Crore Investors, 21 Crore Demat Accounts: SEBI

• What:
  • SEBI Chairperson Tuhin Kanta Pandey highlighted India’s rising investor base and confidence in capital markets.
• Why:
  • To show the keen interest and trust of Indian investors in the country’s financial markets and mutual fund industry growth.
• Tell me more:
  • As of October 2025, India has nearly 13.6 crore investors and over 21 crore demat accounts.
  • Around 1 lakh new demat accounts are opened daily, showing strong retail investor participation.
  • Mutual fund investments have grown over seven times in the past decade, crossing Rs 80 trillion.
  • The data was shared at the India International Trade Fair 2025 held in the national capital.

Source: NOA

Reports and Indices

1. Kantar BrandZ Top 100 Most Valuable Indian Brands Report 2025

• What:
  • India’s most valuable brands have reached a combined worth of $523.5 billion in 2025, according to the Kantar BrandZ Top 100 Most Valuable Indian Brands report.
• Why:
  • The growth reflects strong brand-building investments, innovation, and alignment with evolving consumer needs leading to superior shareholder returns.
• Tell me more:
  • The ranking showed a 6% year-on-year growth with 34 brands increasing in value and 18 newcomers, including UltraTech Cement entering the list.
  • HDFC Bank remains the most valuable brand with an 18% rise to $44.99 billion and 377% growth since 2014 driven by digital investments.
  • Tata Consultancy Services, Airtel, Infosys, and ICICI Bank follow in the top five brands list.
  • India’s top ten brands make up 47% of the total list value.
  • Zomato was the fastest-growing brand for the second year, rising 69% to $6 billion by expanding into lifestyle services.

Source: ET

Defence News

1. India Signs Two US Arms Deals Worth $93 Million For Precision Munitions

• What:
  • India is set to sign two arms deals with the US for Excalibur precision strike artillery munitions and man-portable Javelin anti-tank missiles worth $93 million (Rs 826 crore).
• Why:
  • The deals aim to replenish artillery stocks and meet the Indian armed forces’ demand for advanced anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs) with longer range and better armour penetration.
• Tell me more:
  • The first deal is for 216 Excalibur tactical projectiles and related equipment worth $47.1 million; these 40-km range munitions proved effective during Operation Sindoor in May.
  • The second deal is for 100 shoulder-launched FGM-148 Javelin ATGMs, 25 command launch units, and other equipment worth $45.7 million.
  • India earlier signed a contract exceeding $1 billion for 113 GE-F404 engines to power Tejas Mark-1A fighters.
  • Another deal for six advanced P-8I maritime patrol aircraft is still under negotiation due to high US pricing.
  • India and the US are also working on a project to manufacture Javelin missile systems jointly in India.

Source: TOI

2. Indian Army Introduces New Coat Combat (Digital Print) for Soldiers

• What:
  • The Indian Army introduced the New Coat Combat (Digital Print) in January 2025 to enhance soldier comfort and operational efficiency.
• Why:
  • This modern coat supports the Army’s goals of modernization, indigenization, and better soldier protection in diverse conditions.
• Tell me more:
  • The coat was designed by the National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT), New Delhi, under the Army Design Bureau.
  • It has three layers: an outer digitally printed camouflage coat, an insulated breathable inner jacket, and a thermal base layer for temperature regulation.
  • It is registered under Design Application No. 449667-001 with exclusive intellectual property rights (IPR) held by the Indian Army since February 2025.
  • Protections against unauthorized manufacturing and commercial use are enforceable under the Designs Act, 2000 and Patents Act, 1970.

Source: PIB

Science and Technology

1. HAL-L&T Consortium Builds First Indigenous PSLV Rocket For Oceansat Launch

• What:
  • Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and Larsen & Toubro (L&T) consortium have indigenously built the first PSLV rocket, planned to launch the Oceansat satellite early next year.
• Why:
  • The initiative supports ISRO’s plan to shift production of proven launch vehicles to industry partners, enabling ISRO to focus on new missions and research.
• Tell me more:
  • ISRO signed a contract in 2022 with the HAL-L&T consortium for end-to-end production of five PSLV-XL rockets.
  • The consortium has started delivering PSLV hardware and expects two to three launches next year.
  • The Oceansat satellite launch will be the first by the consortium-built PSLV.
  • HAL has also received technology transfer for the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) and will fully own and operate SSLV business.
  • ISRO and the consortium overcame challenges in producing some launch system components with ISRO’s intervention.

Source: ET

Agriculture and Rural Development

1. New Zealand and Kenya Reject India’s Basamati Marketing Rights Appeal

• What:
  • New Zealand and Kenyan courts rejected India’s appeal to protect exclusive basmati marketing rights using the WTO’s TRIPS pact.
• Why:
  • The courts ruled that TRIPS cannot be invoked for Geographical Indication (GI) tags unless they meet the countries’ domestic laws.
• Tell me more:
  • APEDA sought trademark registration for basmati rice in New Zealand under the Trade Marks Act and objected to trademarking basmati by others in Kenya.
  • Both courts said TRIPS requires countries to prevent misleading use of GIs but does not mandate recognition of foreign-registered GIs unless domestic laws allow.
  • WTO’s TRIPS (Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) is a self-executing treaty in Kenya and requires implementation through national laws, not direct invocation.
  • India did not contest Pakistan’s use of the basmati term for its rice in New Zealand.

Source: HBL

Awards

1. Fátima Bosch from Mexico Crowned Miss Universe 2025

• What:
  • Mexico’s Fátima Bosch won the 74th Miss Universe 2025 crown, defeating over 100 contestants in the finale.
• Tell me more:
  • The 25-year-old Bosch was crowned by last year’s winner, Victoria Kjær Theilvig from Denmark.
  • Thailand’s Praveenar Singh was the first runner-up, while Venezuela’s Stephany Abasali stood second runner-up.
  • India’s representative, Manika Vishwakarma, did not qualify for the Top 12.
  • The 74th Miss Universe edition featured participants from over 100 countries.
  • The next Miss Universe pageant will be hosted in Puerto Rico.

Source: CNBC

2. Leonardo DiCaprio to Receive Top Prize at Palm Springs Film Festival

• What:
  • Leonardo DiCaprio will receive the Desert Palm Achievement Award, Actor, at the Palm Springs Film Festival on January 3, 2026.
• Why:
  • The award honours DiCaprio for his riveting and emotionally charged performance in Paul Thomas Anderson’s ‘One Battle After Another’ and his overall distinguished acting career.
• Tell me more:
  • Festival Chairman Nachhattar Singh Chandi praised DiCaprio for his emotional depth, artistic integrity, and fearless commitment in many roles including ‘Titanic’, ‘The Wolf of Wall Street’, and ‘Inception’.
  • Michael B. Jordan will receive the Icon Award and Adam Sandler the Chairman’s Award at the same event.
  • Previous recipients of the Desert Palm Achievement Award include actors like Riz Ahmed, Jeff Bridges, Adrien Brody, Daniel Day-Lewis, Brad Pitt, and others.
  • Some past winners of this award also won the Best Actor accolade at the Academy Awards in the same year.

Source: TOI

Important Days

1. (8th) Naturopathy Day 2025 – November 18

• The Ministry of Ayush, Government of India, has designated 18th November as Naturopathy Day, celebrated every year since 2018.
• The day honours the historic moment on 18th November 1945, when Mahatma Gandhi became the Lifetime Chairman of the All India Nature Cure Foundation Trust and signed its deed — a milestone that reflects India’s commitment to promoting health through natural living.
• For the 8th Naturopathy Day, the National Institute of Naturopathy is organising a major four-day event titled “Ni-Sar-Gam – Healing & Wellness Festival 2025,” to be held from 15th to 18th November 2025 at Nisarg Gram, Yewalewadi, Pune.
• Organised by the National Institute of Naturopathy, Ministry of Ayush, in collaboration with Sense 22 Yoga, International Naturopathy Organisation, CH2 World Foundation, and Heartfulness Meditation, the festival aims to bring together health, wellness, and conscious living.

Source: PIB

2. World AMR Awareness Week 2025 – November 18 to 24

• Theme: “Act Now: Protect Our Present, Secure Our Future.”

Source: WHO

3. World Day for the Prevention and Healing from Child Sexual Exploitation, Abuse & Violence 2025 – November 18

• UN Focus: Prevention, protection, and healing

Source: UN

4. Women’s Entrepreneurship Day 2025 – November 19
5. World Television Day 2025 – November 21
6. World Philosophy Day 2025 – November 20

• What:
  • World Philosophy Day is observed every year on the third Thursday of November and this year it falls on November 20.
• Tell me more:
  • The day was first celebrated by the United Nations (UN) in 2002 and established by UNESCO General Conference in 2005.
  • World Philosophy Day originated at UNESCO’s headquarters in Paris and expanded globally to schools, universities, and cultural institutions.

Source: N18

Sports

1. Roger Federer Elected To International Tennis Hall of Fame

• What:
  • Roger Federer, the first man to win 20 Grand Slam singles titles, was elected to the International Tennis Hall of Fame (ITHF) in his first year of eligibility.
• Why:
  • The election recognises Federer’s outstanding tennis career, including his record-setting achievements and contribution to the sport.
• Tell me more:
  • Federer won 103 tour-level titles and retired in 2022; he received enough votes in the player category to be the sole inductee in 2026.
  • The induction ceremony is set for August 2026 in Newport, Rhode Island.
  • Federer won 8 Wimbledon titles, 6 Australian Opens, 5 US Opens, and 1 French Open, holding a career Grand Slam.
  • The announcement was made at Swiss Tennis Association where Federer started his tennis journey, with fellow Hall of Famers including Stefan Edberg and Boris Becker congratulating him.
  • Federer’s rivals Rafael Nadal and Novak Djokovic eventually surpassed his Grand Slam tally, with Djokovic holding 24 titles to date.

Source: HT

2. Sarayu Velpula Becomes India’s 26th Woman Grandmaster

• What:
  • Sarayu Velpula earned the title of Woman Grandmaster (WGM), becoming India’s 26th WGM, after completing her final norm at the First League of Central Serbia.
• Tell me more:
  • She scored her first Woman International Master (WIM), Woman Grandmaster (WGM), and International Master (IM) norms all at the Pontevedra Masters 2023 event.
  • Sarayu crossed a 2300 FIDE rating in September 2023, reaching a rating of 2386 and currently has a peak rating of 2443.
  • She earned her second WGM norm at Paris IdF Masters in July 2025 and is competing in the FIDE World Women’s Team Championship 2025.
  • Sarayu is just two IM norms away from becoming India’s next International Master.

Source: Chessbase

3. FIFA World Cup 2026

• What:
  • The expanded 48-team FIFA World Cup set for 2026 has allowed small nations like Curaçao and Cape Verde to qualify, while a 4-time champion, Italy, faces possible exclusion.
• Tell me more:
  • Curaçao is now the smallest nation by population to qualify, dethroning Iceland; Cape Verde is the third smallest.
  • Other first-time qualifiers include Uzbekistan and Jordan; Scotland, Norway, and Austria make long-awaited returns.
  • FIFA President Gianni Infantino praised Curaçao’s achievement and envisioned expanded participation to inspire new footballing nations.

Source: HT

Appointments

1. Sebi Appoints Sandip Pradhan As Whole-Time Member For Three Years

• Indian Revenue Service (IRS) officer Sandip Pradhan has been appointed as a whole-time member of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) for three years.
• The Financial Sector Regulatory Appointments Search Committee (FSRASC) recommends appointments to Sebi’s top positions.
• The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) confirms these appointments.

Source: ET

2. Dell Technologies Appoints Anurag Arora as Senior Director in India

• Dell Technologies appointed Anurag Arora as senior director and general manager for consumer sales in India.
• Rajkumar Rishi, Vice President and General Manager, Asia Pacific and Japan, praised Arora’s leadership and growth-driving capabilities.

Source: TOI

3. Government Appoints New Secretary-Rank Officers in Key Ministries

• The government appointed seven new secretary-rank officers, including heads for the oil, telecom, and agriculture ministries.
• The appointments committee of cabinet is headed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

Source: TOI

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